When it comes to electric motors, there are two main types that are commonly used: coreless motors and brushless motors. Both of these motors have their own unique features and benefits, but one may be more suitable for certain applications than the other. In this article, we will dive into the differences between coreless and brushless motors and determine which one is better.

What are Coreless Motors?

Coreless motors, as the name suggests, do not have a core, which is the rotating mass found in traditional motors. Instead, they have a rotor made of a thin-walled metal tube or a coil of wire wound over a thin metal cylinder. This design allows for a smaller and lighter motor, making them ideal for applications where size and weight are critical factors.

Coreless motors also use a combination of permanent magnets and copper wire coils to create magnetic fields, eliminating the need for brushes, hence the name "coreless brushless motors." These motors have a higher power-to-weight ratio compared to brushed motors, making them highly efficient and powerful.

What are Brushless Motors?

On the other hand, brushless motors have a permanent magnet rotor and use a rotating armature made of electromagnets to produce the rotation. The electromagnets are energized through a sequence of electronic commutation. This means that unlike coreless motors, they require an external controller to control speed and direction.

One of the main advantages of brushless motors is their durability. Since they do not have brushes that wear out over time, they have a longer lifespan and require less maintenance. They are also more efficient, have higher peak power output, and provide smoother and quieter operation compared to coreless motors.

Comparison between Coreless and Brushless Motors

Power and Efficiency:

When it comes to power and efficiency, brushless motors have the upper hand. Because they use electronic commutation to switch the magnetic fields, they produce more torque while drawing less current, making them highly efficient. Coreless motors have relatively lower power output and require more current to produce the same amount of torque.

Durability:

As mentioned earlier, brushless motors do not have brushes that wear out over time, giving them an advantage in terms of durability. Coreless motors, however, have brushes that can wear out due to friction, leading to a decrease in performance and lifespan. This makes brushless motors a better option for long-term use and applications where frequent maintenance is not possible.

Size and Weight:

If size and weight are crucial factors, then coreless motors may be the better choice. Due to their design without a core, they can be made smaller and lighter than brushless motors. This makes them a preferred option in applications where compact, lightweight motors are required, such as in drones, cameras, and medical equipment.

Cost:

When it comes to costs, coreless motors are generally less expensive compared to brushless motors. This is because brushless motors require an external controller, which can add to the overall cost. However, the durability and efficiency of brushless motors may justify the higher initial cost in the long run.

Noise and Vibration:

Because of the lack of brushes and the smooth operation of brushless motors, they produce very little noise and vibration compared to coreless motors. This can be an essential factor in some applications, such as in drones or medical equipment, where noise and vibration can affect performance and accuracy.

Which is better: Coreless or Brushless Motors?

As seen in the above comparison, both coreless and brushless motors have their own unique features and benefits. It ultimately boils down to the specific application and requirements to determine which one is better.

If size and weight are a priority, coreless motors may be the better option. On the other hand, if durability, efficiency, and smooth operation are essential, brushless motors are the way to go. The initial cost may also be a deciding factor, with coreless motors being more budget-friendly.